{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\qc\plain\f4\fs18\cf0 Click on an option to continue.
\par }
m23t01a.bmp
Arial
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
\pard\plain\f4\fs20\cf1\b Click on an option from the menu on the left.\plain\f4\fs18\cf2\b
\par }
Arial
btn_proc.bmp
Arial
btn_sbs.bmp
Arial
btn_pts.bmp
Arial
btn_safe.bmp
btn_na5.bmp
Arial
btn_disc.bmp
Arial
btn_actv.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23T01
back01.bmp
HAhs-
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs4
HAhs7
HAhs:
HAhs=
HAhs-
HAhs-
HAhs-
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs4
HAhs4
HAhs4
HAhs7
HAhs7
HAhs7
HAhs:
HAhs:
HAhs:
HAhs=
HAhs=
HAhs=
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Activities.
Click on this button to repeat the information.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
Exit & Main
ttl23.bmp
ttl23o.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back02b.bmp
Arial
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\qc\plain\f4\fs18\cf0 Click on an option to continue.
\par }
m23o01a.wav
m23o01b.bmp
m23o01a.flc
vido2.bmp
m23o01a.avi
m23o01f.bmp
m23o01b.avi
m23o01a.bmp
m23o01c.bmp
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
\pard\plain\f3\fs22\cf1\b The idea is to make equal half circles on each side of the road while maintaining a constant altitude between 600 and 1,000 feet above the ground.\plain\f4\fs22\cf1\b
\par }
m23o01d.bmp
m23o01e.bmp
m23o01g.bmp
Arial
btn_rept.bmp
Arial
btn_proc.bmp
Arial
btn_sbs.bmp
Arial
btn_pts.bmp
Arial
btn_safe.bmp
btn_na5.bmp
Arial
btn_disc.bmp
Arial
btn_actv.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
Arial
Button
M23O01
back02a.bmp
HAhs$
HAhs%
HAhs(
HAhs+
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs4
HAhs$
HAhs$
HAhs$
HAhs%
HAhs%
HAhs%
HAhs(
HAhs(
HAhs(
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs4
HAhs4
HAhs4
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
M23D01
M23A01
Click on this ballflag to explore this stage of the maneuver.
M23S02
M23S04
M23S05
M23S07
M23S08
ttl23s.bmp
ttl23.bmp
Arial
Text Box
m23s01a.bmp
Arial
Click on an option to continue.
Arial
Click on a ballflag to explore a stage of an S-turn.
M23S01A.wav
Arial
Text Box
ball01.bmp
Arial
Text Box
ball02.bmp
Arial
Text Box
ball03.bmp
Arial
Text Box
ball04.bmp
Arial
Text Box
ball05.bmp
Arial
btn_proc.bmp
Arial
btn_sbs.bmp
Arial
btn_pts.bmp
Arial
btn_safe.bmp
btn_na5.bmp
Arial
btn_disc.bmp
Arial
btn_actv.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23S01
-step
back03a.bmp
HAhs#
HAhs$
HAhs'
HAhs*
HAhs-
HAhs0
HAhs3
HAhs#
HAhs#
HAhs#
HAhs$
HAhs$
HAhs$
HAhs'
HAhs'
HAhs'
HAhs*
HAhs*
HAhs*
HAhs-
HAhs-
HAhs-
HAhs0
HAhs0
HAhs0
HAhs3
HAhs3
HAhs3
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
ttl23.bmp
ttl23p.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back05b.bmp
Arial
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\qc\plain\f4\fs18\cf0 Click on an option to continue.
\par }
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
\par To meet the PTS requirements for S-turns, you should be able to:
\par }
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\pard\plain\f4\fs20\cf0\b Demonstrate knowledge of the elements related to an S-turn.
\par
\par Determine the wind direction and speed.
\par
\par Select a reference line with an emergency landing area within gliding distance.
\par
\par Plan the maneuver to enter 600 to 1,000 feet AGL, perpendicular and downwind to the reference line, with the first series of turns to the left.
\par
\par Maintain a constant radius half-circle on each side of the reference line using adequate wind-drift correction.
\par
\par Maintain coordinated flight while dividing your attention between airplane control and the ground track.
\par
\par Exit the maneuver at the point of entry and at the same altitude and airspeed at which the maneuver was started. Then, at the examiner's request, reverse course.
\par
\par Maintain entry altitude, \'b1100 feet, and airspeed, \'b110 knots.\plain\f4\fs28\cf1\b
\par }
ually
Center
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btn_proc.bmp
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btn_sbs.bmp
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btn_pts.bmp
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btn_safe.bmp
btn_na5.bmp
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btn_disc.bmp
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btn_actv.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23P01
back05a.bmp
HAhsC
HAhsD
HAhsG
HAhsJ
HAhsM
HAhsP
HAhsS
HAhsC
HAhsC
HAhsC
HAhsD
HAhsD
HAhsD
HAhsG
HAhsG
HAhsG
HAhsJ
HAhsJ
HAhsJ
HAhsM
HAhsM
HAhsM
HAhsP
HAhsP
HAhsP
HAhsS
HAhsS
HAhsS
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Activities.
Click on this button to repeat the information.
Click on this button to return to the emergency landing diagram.
Click on this button to find out why this is a good or a bad choice.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
ttl23.bmp
ttl23f.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back04b.bmp
Arial
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\qc\plain\f4\fs18\cf0 Click on an option to continue.
\par }
m23f01a.wav
m23f01a.bmp
m23f01b.bmp
Arial
This field is pretty flat but has several obstacles that could create a hazard.
m23f01c.bmp
m23f01d.bmp
Arial
Never land across the furrows. If you have to land here, it's better to land with the furrows.
m23f01e.bmp
m23f01f.bmp
m23f01g.bmp
m23f01h.bmp
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This field would be the best choice. It's a fairly hard surface with very few obstacles.
m23f01i.bmp
Arial
This road would be good if it weren't for the power lines and the drainage ditch.
The width of the road also makes a difference. It might not even be possible to land
if the road is too narrow and the power lines are too close.
vidf2.bmp
m23f01a.avi
m23f01b.avi
m23f01c.avi
m23f01d.avi
m23f01e.avi
Arial
Let's say you're planning to do an S-turn across this fence line.
Arial
Click on one of the possible emergency landing sites to see why it would be a good or a bad choice.
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Arial
Arial
btn_rept.bmp
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btn_retn.bmp
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btn_proc.bmp
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btn_sbs.bmp
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btn_pts.bmp
Arial
btn_safe.bmp
btn_na5.bmp
Arial
btn_disc.bmp
Arial
btn_actv.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23F01
back04a.bmp
HAhs?
HAhs@
HAhsC
HAhsF
HAhsI
HAhsL
HAhsO
HAhs?
HAhs?
HAhs?
HAhs@
HAhs@
HAhs@
HAhsC
HAhsC
HAhsC
HAhsF
HAhsF
HAhsF
HAhsI
HAhsI
HAhsI
HAhsL
HAhsL
HAhsL
HAhsO
HAhsO
HAhsO
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Activities.
Click on this button to repeat the information.
Click on this button to hear about the day this photo was taken.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
ttl23.bmp
ttl23d.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back07b.bmp
Arial
Click on an option to continue.
vidd2.bmp
m23d01a.avi
m23d01a.bmp
m23d01b.bmp
m23d01c.bmp
m23d01b.avi
m23d01g.bmp
Arial
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
\pard\qc\plain\f4\fs16\cf1 Courtesy of Rocky Mountain Aerial Surveys, Inc.\plain\f4\fs18\cf1\b
\par }
m23d01c.avi
m23d01h.bmp
m23d01i.bmp
m23d01j.bmp
m23d01k.bmp
m23d01l.bmp
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\plain\f4\fs16\cf0 Courtesy of Rocky Mountain Aerial Surveys, Inc.\plain\f4\fs18\cf0\b
\par }
m23d01d.avi
m23d01m.bmp
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\qr\plain\f4\fs16\cf0 Courtesy of Rocky Mountain Aerial Surveys, Inc.\plain\f4\fs18\cf0\b
\par }
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Click on a photo to hear a pilot's account of how the photograph was taken.
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m23d01d.bmp
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m23d01e.bmp
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m23d01f.bmp
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Text Box
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btn_rept.bmp
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btn_proc.bmp
Arial
btn_sbs.bmp
Arial
btn_pts.bmp
Arial
btn_safe.bmp
btn_na5.bmp
Arial
btn_disc.bmp
Arial
btn_actv.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
Arial
S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23D01
back07a.bmp
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
Click on this button to repeat the information.
Click on this button when you have finished the activity.
Continue clicking on this airplane to change the bank angle.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
Shallow Bank
Medium Bank
Steep Bank
Straight and Level
ttl23.bmp
ttl23a.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back08b.bmp
Arial
Click on an option to continue.
banner3.bmp
m23a01a.bmp
m23a01hh.bmp
m23a01ii.bmp
m23a01jj.bmp
m23a01kk.bmp
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Straight and Level
m23a01dd.bmp
m23a01ee.bmp
m23a01ff.bmp
m23a01gg.bmp
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Straight and Level
m23a01z.bmp
m23a01aa.bmp
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m23a01cc.bmp
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Straight and Level
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m23a01w.bmp
m23a01x.bmp
m23a01y.bmp
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Straight and Level
m23a01r.bmp
m23a01s.bmp
m23a01t.bmp
m23a01u.bmp
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Straight and Level
m23a01n.bmp
m23a01o.bmp
m23a01p.bmp
m23a01q.bmp
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Straight and Level
m23a01j.bmp
m23a01k.bmp
m23a01l.bmp
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Straight and Level
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m23a01g.bmp
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Straight and Level
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m23a01e.bmp
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Straight and Level
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Click on each airplane to set the bank angle.
Continue clicking until you have set the correct angle for its position in the S-turn.
When you think they're all correct, click the FINISHED button.
m23a01a.wav
correct.wav
incorr.wav
Arial
Continue clicking until you have set the correct angle for each airplane's position in the S-turn.
Arial
No Change
FINISHED
btn_opt2.bmp
Arial
as Drawing Surface
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
Click on this button to stop and return to the beginning of this video.
Click on this button to view a skill enhancement for this stage of the maneuver.
Click on this button to return to the maneuver diagram.
Click on this button to repeat the information.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S02
ttl23s.bmp
ttl23.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back03c.bmp
Arial
Click on an option to continue.
m23s02a.avi
Arial
btn_stop.bmp
Arial
btn_play.bmp
m23s02a.bmp
m23s02b.bmp
m23s02c.bmp
m23s02d.bmp
m23s02e.bmp
m23s02f.bmp
m23s02g.bmp
sbsbf01.bmp
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{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\plain\f4\fs18\b For your ground reference, pick a road or fence line long enough to complete a couple of turns. Make sure the road you pick has at least one good place to make an emergency landing since you'll be at a pretty low altitude. You'll want to begin the S-turn with the wind at your back, so make sure the wind is blowing perpendicular to the road.
\par
\par Clear the area and line up downwind facing the road. As soon as you cross the road, immediately roll into a left turn. Your groundspeed will be highest in this first turn, so you'll have to roll in quickly, with a pretty steep angle of bank.
\par
\par Remember to watch your altitude as well as your ground track. You may have a tendency to lose altitude, especially when beginning with such a steep bank.\plain\f5\fs18\cf0\b
\par }
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M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S04
ttl23s.bmp
ttl23.bmp
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m23s04a.avi
Arial
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m23s04a.bmp
m23s04b.bmp
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}{\f5\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\plain\f5\fs18\b As you continue through the first turn, your groundspeed will be decreasing. You'll have to gradually change your bank angle to adjust for this. You'll also need to crab a little into the wind to keep from drifting too far from the road. To track a perfect half circle over the ground, your bank angle will have to become shallower the closer you get to the road.\plain\f3\fs17\b
\par }
sbsbf02.bmp
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
\pard\plain\f4\fs18\cf1\b Shallow Bank Angle\plain\f4\fs18\cf0\b
\par }
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S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
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Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
Arial
Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
Arial
Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23S04
back03a.bmp
M23S06
HAhs+
HAhs,
HAhs/
HAhs2
HAhs5
HAhs8
HAhs;
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs,
HAhs,
HAhs,
HAhs/
HAhs/
HAhs/
HAhs2
HAhs2
HAhs2
HAhs5
HAhs5
HAhs5
HAhs8
HAhs8
HAhs8
HAhs;
HAhs;
HAhs;
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Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
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M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S05
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m23s05a.avi
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{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\plain\f4\fs18\b You want to make sure you're rolling the wings level at the same time you're crossing the road.
\par
\par At the instant you cross the road, start your turn to the right. Remember, your groundspeed is a lot slower than it was in the first turn, so the bank angle will be quite a bit shallower.\plain\f3\fs17\b
\par }
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Wings Level
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Slow Groundspeed
Shallow Bank Angle
sbsbf03.bmp
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btn_sel.bmp
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btn_retn.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_proc.bmp
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Clearing Turns
sub_proc.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_sbs.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
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Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
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Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
Arial
Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23S05
back03a.bmp
HAhs1
HAhs2
HAhs5
HAhs8
HAhs;
HAhs>
HAhsA
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs2
HAhs2
HAhs2
HAhs5
HAhs5
HAhs5
HAhs8
HAhs8
HAhs8
HAhs;
HAhs;
HAhs;
HAhs>
HAhs>
HAhs>
HAhsA
HAhsA
HAhsA
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M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S07
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m23s07a.avi
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Medium Bank Angle
Crab Into Wind
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Steep Bank Angle
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{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\plain\f5\fs18\b The important part of this turn is to try to make it look as much like the first one as possible. The best thing to do is visualize the ground track you made on the first turn, and try to create the same outline this time around.
\par
\par As you continue the turn, your groundspeed will gradually get faster, not slower as it did in the first turn, so you'll need to increase your bank angle. You'll also need to crab into the wind as you turn through the 90\plain\f4\fs18\b \'b0\plain\f5\fs18\b point to keep from drifting off course. Be sure you keep increasing your bank angle as you get closer to the road.
\par
\par Also, remember to look inside and outside your airplane. Since you're constantly changing your heading and bank angle, it can be easy to forget about holding your altitude.\plain\f3\fs17\b
\par }
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S-Turns
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S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
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Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
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Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
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Bank Angle
sub_act.bmp
M23S07
back03a.bmp
HAhs*
HAhs+
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs4
HAhs7
HAhs:
HAhs*
HAhs*
HAhs*
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs4
HAhs4
HAhs4
HAhs7
HAhs7
HAhs7
HAhs:
HAhs:
HAhs:
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M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S08
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m23s08a.bmp
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High Groundspeed
Steep Bank Angle
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Wings Level
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{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\plain\f4\fs18\b You'll roll out of the last turn in the same direction you started the maneuver. You should also be at the same altitude and have your wings level at the moment you cross the road. While this is important, make sure you don't overbank the airplane. You can always start over from the beginning if you have to, but you definitely don't want to be in too steep a bank this close to the ground.
\par
\par If you're going to do another S-turn, you can start from this point by immediately rolling into a left bank.\plain\f5\fs18\cf0\b
\par }
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sub_sbs.bmp
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S-Turns
sub_pts.bmp
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Engine Failure
sub_safe.bmp
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Aerial Photography
sub_disc.bmp
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sub_act.bmp
M23S08
back03a.bmp
M23S02
HAhs7
HAhs8
HAhs;
HAhs>
HAhsA
HAhsD
HAhsG
HAhs7
HAhs7
HAhs7
HAhs8
HAhs8
HAhs8
HAhs;
HAhs;
HAhs;
HAhs>
HAhs>
HAhs>
HAhsA
HAhsA
HAhsA
HAhsD
HAhsD
HAhsD
HAhsG
HAhsG
HAhsG
HAhs%
HAhs&
Go to Procedures Overview.
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Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Safety Factors.
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Click on this button to return to the ballflag stage of this maneuver.
Click on this button to find out what happens with a headwind.
Click on this button to find out what happens with a crosswind.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S03
Exit & Main
ttl23s.bmp
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sbsbf01.bmp
m23s03a.wav
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{\rtf1\ansi\deff0\deftab720{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset1 MS Sans Serif;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset1 Symbol;}{\f2\fswiss\fcharset0 System;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f4\fswiss\fcharset0 Arial;}{\f5\fnil\fcharset0 Arial;}}
\pard\plain\f4\fs22\cf1\b If you start heading upwind, you have to use a shallow bank. If your first turn is too steep, and you continue increasing the bank to track a half circle, you will be pushed across the reference line before you can level the wings.\plain\f5\fs22\b
\par }
m23s03d.bmp
m23s03a.flc
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\pard\plain\f4\fs22\cf1\b So, by starting downwind, with your first turn being the steepest, you can be sure not to exceed the maximum bank angle of 45\'b0.\plain\f5\fs22\cf1\b
\par }
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m23s03e.bmp
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\pard\plain\f4\fs22\cf1\b If you start with a crosswind, from the right in this case, the wind will push you through the turn, causing you to fly more of an oval than a circle.\plain\f3\fs17\b
\par }
m23s03f.bmp
m23s03b.flc
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\pard\plain\f4\fs22\cf1\b Also, you'll have to enter the S-turn while crabbing into the wind, which won't allow you to have the wings parallel to the road when you cross.\plain\f3\fs17\b
\par }
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Object service
m23s03a.bmp
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Object service
m23s03b.bmp
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Button
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Headwind
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Crosswind
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\pard\plain\f4\fs18\cf1\b Click on a button to see what could happen if you start your S-turn with a headwind or crosswind.
\par }
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Engine Failure
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Bank Angle
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Scroll Bar
M23S03
back03a.bmp
M23S05
HAhs>
HAhs?
HAhsB
HAhsE
HAhsH
HAhsK
HAhsN
HAhs>
HAhs>
HAhs>
HAhs?
HAhs?
HAhs?
HAhsB
HAhsB
HAhsB
HAhsE
HAhsE
HAhsE
HAhsH
HAhsH
HAhsH
HAhsK
HAhsK
HAhsK
HAhsN
HAhsN
HAhsN
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Click on this button to return to the ballflag stage of this maneuver.
Click on this button to find out what causes you to roll out too early.
Click on this button to find out what causes you to roll out too late.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S06
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Click on an option to continue.
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m23s06a.bmp
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Roll Out Too Early
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Roll Out Too Late
m23s06a.avi
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m23s06e.bmp
Arial
One of two things could be happening here.
Arial
The wind may be stronger than you thought it was, causing you to drift farther from the road than you had planned, or if your turn back upwind is too steep, you'll roll out before you reach the road. It may be that you didn't gradually decrease your bank angle as you turned.
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Either way, your goal is to cross the road as you level the wings, so you'll have to use a shallower bank on your next S-turn.
m23s06c.bmp
m23s06f.bmp
m23s06g.bmp
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The wind may not have been as strong as you thought in this case.
Arial
If the wind's pretty light, you won't drift as far, which would cause you to cross the road before you can level the wings.
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It could also be that your turn back upwind was simply too shallow, causing you to roll out too late. No matter what the cause, make sure you use a steeper bank on the next S-turn.
sbsbf03.bmp
faq.bmp
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Sometimes when I turn upwind in an S-turn, I either roll out too early or too late. What causes this?
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There is no diskette in your floppy disk drive. Please insert your data
tracking disk into the floppy disk drive and click on OK.
If you choose Cancel, data tracking for this maneuver wil not be saved.
Floppy Status
datsave.bmp
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\pard\plain\f4\fs20\cf0\b Saving User Data ...\plain\f4\fs18\cf1\b
\par }
uest Frame Edit - Menu
ns Menu
M23S1B1
a:\CD5JMIS.Jep
M23S1B2
M23S1B3
M23S1B4
M23S1B5
b23O1
b23O2
a:\JMCBTU99.Jep
EXIT01
There is no diskette in your floppy disk drive. Please insert your data
tracking disk into the floppy disk drive and click on OK.
If you choose Cancel, data tracking for this maneuver wil not be saved.
Floppy Status
EXIT01
datsave.bmp
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\pard\plain\f4\fs20\cf0\b Saving User Data ...\plain\f4\fs18\cf1\b
\par }
uest Frame Edit - Exit
ns Menu
bDrivea
Slide
Toper
callSlide
fDiskCheck
EXIT01
iPlay
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1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
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1Click on this button to play or pause the video.
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0Click on this button to repeat the information.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S02
iPlay
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M23O01
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S04
iPlay
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M23O01
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S05
iPlay
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M23O01
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S07
iPlay
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Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
8Click on this button to return to the maneuver diagram.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
1Click on this button to play or pause the video.
HClick on this button to stop and return to the beginning of this video.
M23O01
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S08
Exit & Main
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
M23O01
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
>Click on this ballflag to explore this stage of the maneuver.
M23S02
M23S04
M23S05
M23S07
M23S08
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
GClick on this button to return to the ballflag stage of this maneuver.
?Click on this button to find out what happens with a headwind.
@Click on this button to find out what happens with a crosswind.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S03
Exit & Main
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Activities.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
Exit & Main
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
GClick on this button to return to the ballflag stage of this maneuver.
HClick on this button to find out what causes you to roll out too early.
GClick on this button to find out what causes you to roll out too late.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
M23S06
AvStop
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Activities.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
AClick on this button to return to the emergency landing diagram.
EClick on this button to find out why this is a good or a bad choice.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
HideThings
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Activities.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
AClick on this button to hear about the day this photo was taken.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
eight
seven
three
CheckAnswer
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
1Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
0Click on this button to repeat the information.
:Click on this button when you have finished the activity.
=Continue clicking on this airplane to change the bank angle.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
Shallow Bank
Medium Bank
Steep Bank
Straight and Level
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
M23O01
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
bDrivea
Slide
Toper
callSlide
fDiskCheck
HAhs!
HAhs"
HAhs%
HAhs(
HAhs+
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs!
HAhs!
HAhs!
HAhs"
HAhs"
HAhs"
HAhs%
HAhs%
HAhs%
HAhs(
HAhs(
HAhs(
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs+
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs.
HAhs1
HAhs1
HAhs1
Go to Procedures Overview.
Click on an option to continue.
Go to Step-By-Step Procedures.
Go to Practical Test Standards.
Go to Safety Factors.
Human Element is not available in this maneuver.
Go to Discovery.
Go to Activities.
M23O01
M23O02
M23S01
M23P01
M23F01
M23D01
M23A01
Click on this button to repeat the information.
ttl23.bmp
ttlturn.bmp
Arial
Text Box
back02b.bmp
Arial
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vido1.bmp
cturns.avi
cturns.bmp
Arial
This is why you should do clearing turns before every maneuver. Clearing turns normally consist of at least a 180
change of direction, so you usually perform two 90
turns.
Arial
This gives you a good view of the area around your flight path, and helps you see and avoid any aircraft that may be in the vicinity.
Arial
One thing you need to consider anytime you're in the practice area is collision avoidance. When you're practicing a maneuver, it's easy to get distracted and forget that there might be other aircraft out there.
(.txt)